Which two systemic antifungals can be used to treat oral candidiasis?

Fluconazole and Ketoconazole are both systemic antifungals that are effective in treating oral candidiasis, particularly in severe cases or when topical treatments are insufficient.

Fluconazole is often the first-line treatment due to its efficacy against various Candida species, its favorable oral bioavailability, and its safety profile. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, an essential component of fungal cell membranes, thereby compromising the integrity of the fungal cells.

Ketoconazole is another systemic option that can be used in treating fungal infections, including oral candidiasis. Similar to Fluconazole, it interferes with ergosterol synthesis, though it is less commonly used now due to potential side effects and interactions compared to Fluconazole.

While other options may involve antifungal agents, they may not be systemic or effective against oral candidiasis specifically. For example, Nystatin is typically used for candidiasis, but it is an antifungal that is administered topically, not systemically. This specificity makes the combination of Fluconazole and Ketoconazole the correct choice in relation to systemic treatment for oral candidiasis.