Which syndrome is associated with osteomas of the jaw?

The association of osteomas of the jaw with Gardner syndrome is well-documented in the medical literature. Gardner syndrome is a genetic disorder that is part of the spectrum of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Individuals with this syndrome develop multiple osteomas, which are benign bony tumors, commonly found in the jaw and other craniofacial areas. In addition to osteomas, Gardner syndrome is characterized by the presence of epidermoid cysts, fibromas, and an increased risk of colorectal cancer due to the development of numerous polyps in the intestines that can become malignant if not managed properly.

In the context of this question, understanding the specific features that define Gardner syndrome—especially the presence of jaw osteomas—helps clarify why it is the correct choice. The condition's other manifestations, such as dental abnormalities and desmoid tumors, further emphasize the unique presentation of osteomas in affected individuals. This condition's genetic basis and its implications for physical examination and surgical management underline its importance in clinical practice, particularly in dentistry and orthodontics, where recognition of these signs can guide timely intervention and genetic counseling.