What is the term for congenital hypothyroidism in children?

Cretinism is the term used to describe congenital hypothyroidism in children. This condition arises from an underactive thyroid gland that significantly impacts physical and cognitive development if not diagnosed and treated promptly. In children, untreated congenital hypothyroidism can lead to various developmental delays, including stunted growth, intellectual disabilities, and other physical abnormalities.

Myxedema refers to severe hypothyroidism in adults and is not specifically related to congenital conditions in children. Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder that leads to hypothyroidism, often developing later in life rather than being a congenital condition. Graves' disease, on the other hand, is an autoimmune disorder characterized by hyperthyroidism, which is the opposite of hypothyroidism and not related to congenital issues. Thus, the correct identification of Cretinism as the term for congenital hypothyroidism reflects an understanding of childhood endocrine disorders and their implications for development.