What childhood infection is caused by paramyxovirus and involves the parotid gland?

The infection caused by paramyxovirus that specifically involves the parotid gland is mumps. This viral illness is characterized by inflammation and swelling of the parotid glands, which are located near the jaw. The parotid glands are responsible for producing saliva, and swelling can lead to noticeable physical changes as well as discomfort.

Mumps typically presents with additional symptoms such as fever, headache, and muscle aches, and it is transmitted through respiratory secretions. The fact that it primarily affects the parotid gland sets it apart from the other options listed.

Influenza, measles, and rubella do not involve the parotid glands in the same way; while they are all viral infections, they target different systems and exhibit different symptoms. Influenza primarily affects the respiratory system, measles causes a distinct rash and is associated with cough and conjunctivitis, and rubella is known for its mild exanthema (rash) and potential complications during pregnancy. Thus, mumps is the specific childhood infection among the choices that fits the criteria of being a paramyxovirus and causing parotid gland involvement.